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KMID : 0352720190430020312
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Journal of Ginseng Research
2019 Volume.43 No. 2 p.312 ~ p.318
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Impact of HIV-1 subtype and Korean Red Ginseng on AIDS progression: comparison of subtype B and subtype D
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Cho Young-Keol
Kim Jung-Eun
Lee Sun-Hee
Foley Brian T.
Choi Byeong-Sun
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Abstract
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Background: To date, no study has described disease progression in Asian patients infected with HIV-1 subtype D.
Methods: To determine whether the disease progression differs in patients infected with subtypes D and B prior to starting combination antiretroviral therapy, the annual decline (AD) in CD4+ T cell counts over 96 ± 59 months was retrospectively analyzed in 163 patients and compared in subtypes D and B based on the nef gene.
Results: CD4+ T cell AD was significantly higher in the six subtype D?infected patients than in the 157 subtype B?infected patients irrespective of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) treatment (p < 0.001). Of these, two subtype D?infected patients and 116 subtype B?infected patients had taken KRG. AD was significantly lower in patient in the KRG-treated group than in those in the KRG-naive group irrespective of subtype (p < 0.05). To control for the effect of KRG, patients not treated with KRG were analyzed, with AD found to be significantly greater in subtype D?infected patients than in subtype B?infected patients (p < 0.01). KRG treatment had a greater effect on AD in subtype D?infected patients than in subtype B?infected patients (4.5-fold vs. 1.6-fold). Mortality rates were significantly higher in both the 45 KRG-naive (p < 0.001) and all 163 (p < 0.01) patients infected with subtype D than subtype B.
Conclusion: Subtype D infection is associated with a >2-fold higher risk of death and a 2.9-fold greater rate of progression than subtype B, regardless of KRG treatment.
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KEYWORD
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AIDS, Disease progression, HIV-1 subtype D, Korean Red Ginseng, nef gene
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